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일본 부업 경비·세금 가이드 2026 — 회사에 안 알리기

회사에 알려지지 않도록 일본 부업 수입의 경비 관리와 확정신고를 처리하는 방법. 청색 신고 선택, 주민세 보통 징수 전환, 20만엔 규정과 절세 팁까지 정리했습니다.

2026년 1월 1일

|Source:국세청

일반 참고용입니다. 개인 세무 상담은 전문가에게 문의하세요. 최종 확인일: 2026년 1월 1일 · 출처: 国税庁

본업을 하면서 부업을 하는 분들을 위한 경비 관리 가이드입니다. 올바르게 경비를 신고하면 세금 혜택을 받을 수 있지만, 회사에 알려지지 않도록 하는 핵심 사항도 이해해야 합니다.

세금 신고 기준선

급여 소득자의 경우, 부업 소득이 연간 20만 엔을 초과하면 확정신고가 필요합니다. 단, 20만 엔 이하라도 주민세 신고는 필요합니다.

부업을 회사에 알리지 않는 방법

Choose "Direct Payment" for Residence Tax중요

By selecting "Self Payment" in the residence tax section of your tax return, your side income tax will not be notified to your employer.

Check Company Regulations

Check if side jobs are prohibited. If permission is required, consider applying formally.

Avoid Competing with Main Job

Side jobs competing with your main job may violate regulations. Also avoid using main job information.

Understand the ¥200,000 Rule중요

Even if side income is under ¥200,000/year, residence tax filing is required. File with your local municipality even if income tax filing is not needed.

공제 가능한 부업 경비

Computer & Equipment

공제 가능

+Computer/tablet (business dedicated)
+Monitor and keyboard
+Camera and microphone (for streaming/recording)
+Software and subscriptions

공제 불가

-Computer shared with personal use (full amount)
-Gaming/entertainment equipment

포인트: Prorate by business use if shared. Under ¥100k is immediate expense, Blue Return allows up to ¥300k.

Workspace

공제 가능

+Rent (business use area)
+Electricity (business portion)
+Internet (business portion)
+Coworking space fees

공제 불가

-Mortgage principal
-Personal portion of utilities

포인트: If working from home, prorate by floor area. Typically 20-40% is common.

Communication

공제 가능

+Mobile phone charges (business portion)
+Video conferencing tools (Zoom, etc.)
+Cloud storage
+Domain and hosting fees

공제 불가

-Personal call charges
-Entertainment subscriptions

포인트: If shared between business and personal, prorate by call logs or usage time. Typically 30-50%.

Learning & Skills

공제 가능

+Business-related online courses
+Professional and technical books
+Business-related certification costs
+Seminar and conference fees

공제 불가

-Hobby classes
-Unrelated certifications
-Entertainment books

포인트: Relevance to your side job is key. Fully deductible if you can explain the business connection.

세금 신고 준비 체크리스트

Organize Your Income

Get annual payment statements from each platform
Check bank account deposit records
Collect withholding tax slips (if any)

Calculate Your Expenses

Organize receipts by expense category
Record calculation basis for prorated expenses
Also use credit card statements

Prepare Tax Return

Use the NTA tax return preparation site
Combine salary income and business (miscellaneous) income
Select "Self Payment" for residence tax

File and Pay

Online filing via e-Tax is recommended
Deadline is March 15 (income tax)
Pay by bank transfer or credit card before deadline

주민세 선택을 잊지 마세요

확정신고서의 주민세 관련 사항에서 '자신이 납부'를 선택하지 않으면 회사에 통지됩니다.

자주 묻는 질문

The most common cause is residence tax. If you leave the payment method as "Special Collection (payroll deduction)" when filing, your employer receives notification of residence tax including side income, which payroll staff may notice. By selecting "Direct Payment (self payment)", you pay side income tax directly and it is not notified to your employer.

Income tax filing is not required, but residence tax filing is. If you neglect residence tax filing, you may face additional taxes later. Either file directly with your municipality, or file income tax return (which automatically files residence tax). Also, if you want medical expense or furusato deductions, income tax filing is required even under ¥200,000.

Yes, if you work on your side job at home, you can claim part of your rent as an expense. Calculate by floor area. For example, if using 6㎡ for work in a 30㎡ room, 20% of rent can be expensed. Keep records of your calculation basis.

It depends on the scale of your side job. If you have continuous income at a certain level (roughly ¥1M+ annually), Blue Return is beneficial. You get a ¥650,000 special deduction and can carry forward losses. However, it requires double-entry bookkeeping. For small side income, White Return is fine.

경비 체커 도구

경비 공제 가능 여부를 즉시 확인. 카테고리와 공제율을 보여주는 무료 도구.